Psychiatric Technician Practice Exam

What endocrine adverse reaction is commonly associated with most antipsychotic medications?

1. Hyperglycemia

2. Weight gain

3. Hypotension

4. Hyperkalemia

The correct answer is: Weight gain

Weight gain is a well-documented endocrine adverse reaction commonly associated with many antipsychotic medications. This side effect is particularly prevalent with both typical and atypical antipsychotics, such as olanzapine and clozapine, which are known to induce changes in metabolism and appetite regulation. The mechanism behind this phenomenon often involves alterations in leptin sensitivity and changes in insulin signaling, leading to increased hunger and subsequent weight gain. The concern over weight gain is significant not only because it can impact the patient's self-esteem and quality of life but also due to its association with increased risk for metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular issues. Consequently, monitoring weight and employing strategies to mitigate this side effect are crucial components of patient care when administering these medications. While hyperglycemia and hypotension can occur with certain antipsychotics, they are not as prevalent or directly linked to the endocrine system as weight gain. Hyperkalemia is not typically associated with antipsychotic treatment and does not represent a standard adverse reaction related to these medications. Thus, weight gain stands out as the primary endocrine-related concern in this context.