Psychiatric Technician Practice Exam

What term describes a condition where a person becomes confused and disoriented only at night?

1. Delirium

2. Sundowning

3. Depersonalization

4. Insomnia

The correct answer is: Sundowning

The term that describes a condition where a person becomes confused and disoriented only at night is known as sundowning. This phenomenon is often observed in individuals with dementia or other cognitive impairments, where they experience heightened confusion, agitation, and anxiety as daylight wanes, leading to increased disorientation during the evening hours. Sundowning typically occurs in the late afternoon or evening, and it can be influenced by factors such as fatigue, changes in natural light, and disruptions in the individual's usual routine. Understanding this condition is essential for caregivers and healthcare providers as it enables them to develop effective strategies for managing the symptoms and providing a safer environment for those affected. Other terms presented do not specifically refer to the nighttime confusion associated with sundowning. Delirium pertains to an acute state of confusion that can happen at any time of day and often requires medical attention. Depersonalization is a psychological phenomenon affecting a person's sense of self and reality, rather than a specific time-related confusion. Insomnia primarily refers to difficulties in falling or staying asleep, which, while it may indirectly contribute to confusion, does not specifically address confusion occurring only at night. Thus, sundowning is the most accurate term for the condition described in the question.