Psychiatric Technician Practice Exam

What type of shock is characterized by a bacterial infection?

1. Cardiogenic

2. Hypovolemic

3. Anaphylactic

4. Septic

The correct answer is: Septic

Septic shock is specifically characterized by a systemic response to bacterial infection, leading to widespread inflammation and a significant drop in blood pressure. This condition arises when the body's immune response to the infection becomes uncontrolled, resulting in severe complications such as organ failure. In septic shock, bacteria or their toxins enter the bloodstream, triggering the release of inflammatory mediators. This cascade can lead to vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, and ultimately results in reduced blood flow to vital organs. The body attempts to compensate for these changes, but if the shock state is not corrected, it can result in multiple organ dysfunction and death. The other types of shock mentioned do not stem directly from a bacterial infection. Cardiogenic shock is related to cardiac dysfunction, often due to a heart attack. Hypovolemic shock occurs due to significant fluid loss, which can be from hemorrhage or dehydration, disrupting the body's ability to maintain adequate blood volume and pressure. Anaphylactic shock results from a severe allergic reaction, causing rapid immune system activation and subsequent vasodilation and bronchoconstriction, rather than infiltration by bacteria. Thus, the defining feature of septic shock is its direct link to bacterial infection, making it the correct answer.