Psychiatric Technician Practice Exam

Which condition is associated with the need for special dietary considerations, particularly before and during pregnancy?

1. Diabetes

2. Folic acid deficiency

3. Vitamin C deficiency

4. Iron deficiency anemia

The correct answer is: Folic acid deficiency

Folic acid deficiency is crucial to address, especially before and during pregnancy, because adequate folate levels are essential for the proper development of the fetus, particularly in the early stages. Folic acid plays a significant role in DNA synthesis and cell division, which are vital during rapid growth periods like pregnancy. Insufficient folic acid intake during this time can lead to serious birth defects, such as neural tube defects, affecting the brain and spinal cord development. Health guidelines strongly recommend that women of childbearing age, and those planning to become pregnant, take folic acid supplements and consume folate-rich foods to prevent such deficiencies. This preventative measure is crucial because neural tube formation occurs within the first month of conception, often before a woman even knows she is pregnant. As a result, emphasizing folic acid is vital, making it a priority for dietary considerations during pregnancy.